Processed on this device
File formats at a glance.Formats

OBJ file: 3D geometry, materials and limitations

.obj

OBJ is a text-based 3D interchange format for surface geometry. It describes vertices, normals, texture coordinates and polygonal faces; materials normally live in a separate MTL file.

Format at a glance

Full name
Wavefront OBJ Geometry
File extensions
.obj
MIME types
model/obj
Category
3D models
Compression
Depends on the contained codec
Transparency
Not applicable
Animation
Not applicable
Properties

Suitable tools

What is this format?

Wavefront OBJ uses line-based records such as v, vt, vn and f. Faces may be triangles, quads or larger polygons with separate indices for positions, UVs and normals.

The format has no binding unit, animation, skeleton or modern physically based material model. External MTL and texture files must travel with the OBJ.

What is it used for?

  • Exchange of static 3D models
  • Import and export between DCC and CAD applications
  • 3D-print preparation after cleanup
  • Rendering and computer-vision data sets

Which programs can open it?

  • Blender and MeshLab
  • Autodesk Maya and 3ds Max
  • Cinema 4D and CAD converters
  • WebGL and 3D viewers

Support across devices and browsers

Windows

Blender, MeshLab, CAD software and slicers open OBJ.

macOS

Blender, MeshLab and compatible CAD or printing tools support OBJ.

Linux

Open-source 3D tools and command-line programs process OBJ.

Android

3D viewers can display OBJ, usually with fewer editing features.

iOS

Compatible 3D viewers and CAD applications import OBJ.

Browsers

Browsers require a JavaScript WebGL or WebGPU renderer; LocalFileLab reads only the implemented geometry data.

Advantages

  • Simple, documented text structure
  • Broad support for static meshes
  • Can store UV coordinates and normals

Disadvantages

  • No animation or skeletons
  • Materials and textures are external
  • No standardized unit or scene hierarchy

Comparison with alternatives

OBJ vs. STL

STL stores only triangle surfaces; OBJ can reference UVs, normals, groups and materials.

OBJ vs. glTF

glTF supports modern scenes, materials and animation and is optimized for runtime delivery.

OBJ vs. PLY

PLY suits scans and per-vertex attributes, while OBJ is more common in modelling software.

LocalFileLab support

InputSupported

OBJ is recognized as an input. Supported geometry and material references are read locally.

OutputSupported

OBJ is available as a local output; available settings depend on the format.

CompressionSupported

LocalFileLab can compress OBJ locally or package it in a supported archive; already compressed content will not necessarily become smaller.

PreviewNot supported

A complete OBJ preview is not currently available.

MetadataNot supported

Complete preservation of format-specific metadata is not guaranteed.

Related formats

Frequently asked questions

Why are OBJ textures missing?

OBJ normally refers through an MTL file to external images. All files must stay together and paths must remain valid.

Which unit does OBJ use?

The standard defines no unit. Sender and recipient must agree on meters, millimeters or another unit.

Can OBJ store animation?

Not in the common standard. glTF, FBX and similar formats are more suitable for animation and scenes.